5α-Reductase type 1 inhibition of Oryza sativa bran extract prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide fluid

The three crude extracts including Oryza sativa (bran) from supercritical carbon dioxide fluid (scCO2) process which gave the highest unsaturated fatty acid contents and biological activities including the antioxidative, tyrosinase inhibition, stimulation index on human normal skin fibroblast were selected from ten edible plants to prepare the semi-purified fractions. Fraction No. 3 of the O. sativa bran crude extract gave the highest content of unsaturated fatty acids and 5α-reductase (type 1) inhibition activity (5AR). Its linoleic acid (LN) and total unsaturated fatty acid (TUC) contents were significantly positive and linear correlated to 5AR on DU-145 cell line (at r of 1.00, p < 0.01). Its total phenolic contents and all biological activities also showed positive correlations to 5AR with r > 0.9 (p < 0.05). This study has demonstrated the potential of fraction No. 3 fractionated from the O. sativa bran crude extract prepared by scCO2 to be developed as anti-androgenic alopecia products.

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► O. sativa bran scCO2 extract gave the highest unsaturated fatty acid contents.
► O. sativa fraction No. 3 gave the highest 5α-reductase inhibition activity (5AR).
► Linoleic acid contents in O. sativa fraction No. 3 significantly correlated to 5AR.
► O. sativa fraction No. 3 can be developed as anti-androgenic alopecia products.