Detection of Gamma-Irradiated Mutant of Rodent Tuber (Typhonium Flagelliforme Lodd.) in Vitro Culture by RAPD Molecular Marker

Rodent tuber (Typhonium flagelliforme Lodd.) is an Indonesian native plant which has a high potency to be used as anticancer medicine, but its genetic variation in Indonesia is low. Gamma irradiation can be used to increase genetic diversity. The objective of this research is to obtain in vitro culture of the first generation (MV1) mutants of rodent tuber which had been irradiated by gamma rays and detect genetic changes by RAPD molecular markers. Irradiation was performed using 60Co to obtain LD50 value and induce mutation. Calli were then regenerated to obtain MV1 plantlets and genetic changes were detected by RAPD molecular markers. Plantlets were successfully regenerated from 9 clumps of calli and produced 59 plantlets at 6 Gy. Genetic changes of 11 plantlets from calli were detected by 10 RAPD primers, which produced 69 fragments from 11 mutant plantlets. OPE-20 and OPC-5 primer showed the highest genetic changes with 11 and 8 polymorphic fragments respectively. Nine polymorphic primers showed genetic changes between 250 bp and 2 500 bp.This research had successfully induced mutation, regenerated, and detected genetic changes in 11 mutant plantlets from calli.