Natural antioxidants as food and feed additives to promote health benefits and quality of meat products: A review

• Lipid and protein oxidation is a common phenomenon in processed meat.
• Chemical toxins are formed at high temperature cooking and in nitrite cured meat.
• Natural phenolic antioxidants can inhibit oxidation and toxin formation.
• Antioxidant ingredient strategies can feasibly promote muscle food safety.

Fresh and processed meats offer numerous nutritional and health benefits and provide unique eating satisfaction in the lifestyle of the modern society. However, consumption of red meat including processed products is subjected to increasing scrutiny due to the health risks associated with cytotoxins that potentially could be generated during meat preparation. Evidence from recent studies suggests free radical pathways as a plausible mechanism for toxin formation, and antioxidants have shown promise to mitigate process-generated chemical hazards. The present review discusses the involvements of lipid and protein oxidation in meat quality, nutrition, safety, and organoleptic properties; animal production and meat processing strategies which incorporate natural antioxidants to enhance the nutritional and health benefits of meat; and the application of mixed or purified natural antioxidants to eliminate or minimize the formation of carcinogens for chemical safety of cooked and processed meats.