Protective effect of turmeric extract on ethotrexate-induced intestinal damage and oxidative stress

AimThe most important side effect of methotrexate (MTX) is mucositis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of turmeric extract on intestinal damage and oxidative stress in rats receiving methotrexate.MethodsExperiments were performed on male Wistar albino rats divided into six groups. First group received normal saline orally, the second group received turmeric extract (100 mg·kg−1) orally for 30 days, the third group received turmeric extract (200 mg·kg−1) orally for 30 days, the fourth group received a single dose of methotrexate (20 mg·kg−1) i.p. at day 30, the fifth group received turmeric extract (100 mg·kg−1) orally for 30 days and a single dose of methotrexate (20 mg·kg−1) i.p. at day 30, and the sixth group received turmeric extract (200 mg·kg−1) orally for 30 days and single dose of methotrexate (20 mg·kg−1) i.p. at day 30. Four days after methotrexate injection, animals were anesthetized, blood samples were taken to determine total antioxidant status (TAS) and jejunum samples were taken for glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxidase dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), aldehyde malondialdehyde (MDA), and histopathological assessment.ResultsMicroscopic evaluation from intestinal tissues of the MTX treated group, showed severe villus shortening and blunting, inflammatory cell infiltration and hemorrhage in lamina propria, along with epithlial cell necrosis. Levels of SOD, GSH-Px and CAT decreased in the MTX received group, but increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the turmeric + MTX groups. MTX increased lipid peroxidation, however, turmeric decreased peroxidation significantly (P < 0.05).ConclusionThese results suggest that turmeric extract may protect the small intestine of rats from methotrexate-induced damage. Turmeric effects could result from its antioxidant properties.