A brief review of the effects of preoperative skin traction on hip fractures

SummaryThe use of preoperative skin traction is still reported today as a treatment for hip fractures whilst awaiting surgery at many hospitals. The main rationale for its continued use is pain relief for the injured patient. It has also been suggested that traction prior to surgery maintains the position of the fracture, thereby making reduction of the fracture easier when operating. However, there are also disadvantages to its use, primarily concerning the development of pressure sores and the potential damage traction equipment can cause to skin. The studies reviewed concluded that preoperative traction was not successful as an analgesic tool, nor did it contribute to the development of pressure sores. No evidence showed that traction aided fracture reduction or the healing time after surgery. The use of preoperative skin traction should therefore not be used routinely as a therapeutic intervention for hip fractures before surgery.