Problemy narzÄ du ruchu u dzieci z nadwagÄ ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem podłoża genetycznego otyłości

Obesity, recognized by the World Health Organization as an epidemic of the XXI century, is a very serious medical problem in highly developed countries. In Poland, 25% of population is afflicted with this problem. Regardless of etiology, obesity causes disturbances of circulatory, respiratory, alimentary and motor systems. It is also a cause of metabolic and endocrinological disorders and can lead to organ changes and enhancement of traits typical for a primary disease. Genetic factors are responsible for almost 40% of obesity cases. In great part, obesity results from positive energy balance that is determined by eating habits and the life style of the patient and his family. Such genetic syndromes as Prader-Willy syndrome, Down's syndrome, and Bardet-Biedl syndrome are characterized by excessive accumulation of fatty tissue, which leads to obesity. Consequent reduction of physical activity, and a diet hardly controlled because of the child's mental retardation result in considerable BMI increase and give rise to occurrence of secondary degenerative changes. Abnormal body and limbs' axes and early joint degeneration lead to worse and worse physical efficiency and require psychomotor rehabilitation introduced as early as possible, orthopedic care and sometimes a therapy applied to the child's closest environment.