Normative adductor squeeze tests scores in rugby

• Normative adductor squeeze test scores for four testing positions using a sphygnamometer in professional rugby.
• Results show it may be appropriate to use different normative values for backs and forwards, more research required.
• Next step is to produce normative values that are player position and age specific.
• Further research is being conducted on a larger sample population to see if these normative values are true or just apparent.
• Further research should ascertain if players with lower scores are at an increased risk of developing groin pain in rugby.

BackgroundGroin pain is a common problem. Adductor squeeze tests are used to diagnose, monitor and prophylactically determine the risk of developing groin pain. This study defines normative adductor squeeze scores in professional rugby that will facilitate strength monitoring during screening.MethodsUsing a sphygnamometer, squeeze scores were collected, at one professional rugby club as part of the pre-season screening for two seasons. Scores were collected in four positions. For all positions mean strength and 95% confidence intervals were calculated.ResultsData were collected for 81 athletes. Mean strength for adduction at 60° was 220.1 (212.2–228.1); 0° 211.1 (201.7–220.5); 90°90° 198.8 (190.0–207.7); 90°90° supported 224.9 (214.9–234.9). Backs had lower squeeze scores than forwards for 0°, 90°:90° and 90°:90° supported (p > 0.05 for all four tests); older players had lower scores, as did shorter and lighter players (p > 0.05 except for height with test 60° p = 0.048 and test 90°:90° supported p = 0.035).ConclusionThis study establishes references ranges for adductor squeeze tests for normative pre-season data in non-injured rugby players. This information will enable evaluation and inform return to play judgements following adductor related injury.