The relationship between hip rotation range of movement and low back pain prevalence in amateur golfers: An observational study

ObjectiveTo investigate whether amateur golfers with self-reported low back pain have reduced hip rotation compared to asymptomatic controls.DesignObservational case-control study.SettingData collection took place at 2 amateur golf clubs in southern England.ParticipantsOn initial contact, all participants completed a screening questionnaire used to allocate participants into LBP (n = 28) and control groups (n = 36). LBP group were found to be heavier than controls (t = 2.242, 95% CI 0.763–13.332) but were matched for age, height, handedness, handicap, rounds played per week and years of play.Main outcome measuresPrimary outcome measures were lead and non-lead hip medial and lateral rotation in 0° of flexion as measured by inclinometer. Secondary measures included inter and intra-rater reliability.ResultsThe LBP group had significantly reduced lead hip passive (LBP 21.14 ± 10.17°; controls 31.06 ± 8.06°, t = −4.228, 95% CI −14.621–−5.205) and lead hip active medial rotation (LBP 21.46 ± 10.01; controls 28.06 ± 7.49°, t = −2.908, 95% CI −11.147–−2.036) compared to controls. No between group differences were found in non-lead hips or any passive or active lateral rotation measures.ConclusionAlthough there is lack of causality between LBP and hip rotation, the deficit in lead leg medial hip rotation in amateur golfers who suffer LBP may be relevant for screening or treatment selection.