One-stage revision anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with rectangular tunnel technique

We developed the anatomic rectangular tunnel anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ART ACLR) with a bone–patellar tendon–bone graft to mimic fibre arrangement inside the native ACL via tunnels with smaller apertures. With a 10-mm-wide graft, the cross-sectional area of the tunnels of 50 mm2 in ART ACLR is less than that of 79 mm2 in a 10-mm round tunnel one. Because tunnel encroachment would be less of a problem, the ART ACLR technique could be most frequently applied to patients after a failed primary ACLR. In this instructional lecture, the indication and technical considerations for ART ACLR as one-stage revision ACLR are described.