Anaesthesia for specialist surgery in infancy

Common indications for neonatal surgery include inguinal hernias and hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Less common conditions, that have major implications for anaesthesia, include tracheo-oesophageal fistula, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, exomphalos, gastroschisis and congenital lobar emphysema. The anaesthetic management of these conditions is outlined in this article.