Arachidonic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine species are increased in selected brain regions of a depressive animal model: Implications for pathophysiology

The Flinders Sensitive Line (FSL) rat is a genetic animal model of depression. Following recent findings that the brain fatty acid composition of FSL is characterised by increased arachidonic acid (AA), we used electrospray tandem mass spectrometry and 1H-NMR to examine lipid species in different brain areas. Cholesterol and sphingolipids were increased in the hypothalamus of the FSL rats. Furthermore, arachidonic acid-containing phosphatidylcholine (AA-PC) species were elevated with PC16:0/20:4, PC18:1/20:4 and PC18:0/20:4 (p<0.003) increased in the hypothalamus and striatum. In contrast, there was a decrease in some docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-containing species, specifically PC18:1/22:6 (p<0.003) in the striatum and PE18:1/22:6 (p<0.004) in the prefrontal cortex. Since no significant differences were observed in the erythrocyte fatty acid concentrations, dietary or environmental causes for these observations are unlikely. The increase in AA-PC species which in this animal model may be associated with altered neuropathy target esterase activity, an enzyme involved in membrane PC homeostasis, may contribute to the depressive phenotype of the FSL rats.