Increased IL10 plasmatic levels in Fanconi anemia patients

• IL-10 plasma levels are increased on Fanconi anemia patients.
• Plasma levels of TNF-α and INF-γ were increased in 24% and 23% of the patients.
• TNF-α and INF-γ increasing is present together with bone marrow hypocellularity.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare disease, autosomal recessive and X linked, which is clinically prone to development of hematological abnormalities and neoplasms, especially acute myeloid leukemia. In this work IL-10 and TGF-β levels were measured on FA patients’ plasma since they are the regulatory cytokines of TNF-α and INF-γ which had been described to be overexpressed in this genetic disease. Our results show increased IL-10 plasma levels in 25% of FA patients studied, but levels of TGF-β within the normal range. TNF-α and INF-γ were also measured and found to be increased in 24% and 23% of FA patients, respectively. However, no inverse correlation was observed between augmented levels of IL-10 and TNF or IFN-γ. Patients with elevated levels of TNF-α and INF-γ presented bone marrow hypocellularity. IL-10 levels did not appear to be determinant for bone marrow cellularity. These data suggest that IL-10 is also a feature of Fanconi anemia pathophysiology.