Cytokine-induced nuclear translocation of signaling proteins and their analysis using the inducible translocation trap system

Binding of cytokines to their specific receptors induces activation of signal transduction pathways, many of which involve nuclear translocation of signaling proteins. In this review, an overview of cytokine-induced nuclear translocation of signaling proteins is provided. In addition, inducible translocation trap (ITT), a novel reporter-based system to detect nuclear translocation, and its application for identification of nuclear translocating proteins are elaborated. Finally, analysis of “nuclear translocatome”, the entire set of proteins that translocate into or out of the nucleus in response to extracellular stimuli, by ITT is discussed.