Two chicken neuromedin U receptors: Characterization of primary structure, biological activity and tissue distribution

Neuromedin U (NMU) is a bioactive peptide that is involved in a variety of physiological functions. Two of its receptors, NMUR1 and NMUR2, have been identified and characterized in mammals. In this study, we performed cDNA cloning of chicken NMUR1 and NMUR2, and characterized their primary structure, biological activity, and expression patterns in chicken tissues. The chicken NMUR1 and NMUR2 cDNAs encoded 438 and 395 amino acid sequences, respectively. Chicken NMUR1 showed 54.8%–56.5% sequence identity with human, rat, and mouse NMUR1, and NMUR2 shared 67.3%–70.1% sequence identity with mammalian orthologs. Both chicken receptors have typical characteristics of G-protein-coupled receptors with seven transmembrane domains and the D/ERY motif. An increase in intracellular Ca2+ mobilization was observed in HEK293 cells transfected with chicken NMUR1 or NMUR2 cDNA and treated with chicken or rat NMU. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that NMUR1 mRNA was preferentially expressed in the intestinal tissues such as the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon/rectum, and brain regions such as the midbrain and optic lobe, and the ovary in adult hens. NMUR2 mRNA was exclusively expressed in the brain regions such as the cerebrum and midbrain. These results indicate that NMUR1 and NMUR2 mRNAs, which encode functional receptor proteins, are expressed in chicken tissues with different distribution patterns.

► Two chicken neuromedin U receptors, NMUR1 and NMUR2, were identified by cDNA cloning, for the first time in avian species.
► Both chicken receptors contained typical characteristics of G-protein-coupled receptors.
► An intracellular Ca2+ mobilization assay revealed that both the cDNAs encoded functional receptor protein.
► Chicken NMUR1 mRNA was preferentially expressed in the intestinal tissues and brain.
► NMRU2 mRNA was exclusively expressed in the brain.