Increased arterial stiffness in subjects with impaired fasting glucose

AimsThe present study investigated the association between fasting glucose and arterial stiffness in subjects with normal fasting glucose (NFG) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG).MethodsThe study group consisted of 1043 subjects, including 683 subjects with NFG and 360 subjects with IFG (100 ≤ fasting glucose < 126 mg/dL). All subjects were evaluated for glucose, insulin, lipid profiles, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α (8-epi-PGF2α) and brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV).ResultsMDA (P < 0.001) and ba-PWV (P < 0.001) in the IFG group were higher than those in the NFG group after adjustment for sex, age, BMI, smoking and drinking, waist, blood pressure, serum lipid profiles. Ba-PWV in the IFG group was still higher than that in the NFG group after further adjustment for hs-CRP, MDA, 8-epi-PGF2α (P = 0.031). Through multiple linear regression analysis, ba-PWV was found to be independently and positively associated with fasting glucose, age, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, hs-CRP and insulin and negatively associated with male:female ratio, BMI.ConclusionArterial stiffness was higher in the IFG group than in subjects with NFG even after adjustment for all confounding variables including hs-CRP and oxidative stress markers. In addition, fasting glucose and insulin were positively and independently associated with the ba-PWV in non-diabetic healthy adults.