Expression of Escherichia coli cspA during early exponential growth at 37 °C

► cspA expression examined by cytofluorimetry, real-time PCR, pulse-chase experiments. ► cspA expression not limited to the cold acclimation period. ► cspA expression at 37 °C not limited to lag following nutritional up-shift. ► cspA is transcribed at 37 °C throughout the growth cycle. ► Results imply that CspA plays functional role not restricted to cold stress.