کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
2831162 1163782 2013 9 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Detection and characterization of R-loops at the murine immunoglobulin Sα region
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری بیوشیمی، ژنتیک و زیست شناسی مولکولی زیست شناسی مولکولی
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Detection and characterization of R-loops at the murine immunoglobulin Sα region
چکیده انگلیسی

IgA is the most abundant antibody in mammals. However, the mechanism of its class switching is still not clear. The formation of the R-loops, as the target for AID, has been proposed to play a crucial role during mammalian class switch recombination. Here, we provide a systematic evaluation of R-loops at Sα (IgA) in CH12F3-2A cells, which is a unique cell model system for class switch recombination because of its consistent switching to IgA upon stimulation. The results of R-loop analysis demonstrate distinct features specific to Sα. Some R-loops may initiate from the end of Iα, but all terminate exclusively within Sα. Time-course analysis also indicates that the percentage of R-loops peaks prior to the occurrence of class switch recombination. This is the first demonstration that R-loops form at Sα in vitro and in situ, despite variable G density and relatively few GGGG clusters in Sα. The short distance from the promoter to Sα may compensate for the less robust R-loop-forming factors at Sα relative to other switch regions. In conclusion, R-loops at the Sα region further support R-loop formation as a general feature of all stimulated switch regions.


► The systematic characterization of R-loops is performed in vitro and in situ at Sα in a murine model cell line of CSR.
► R-loop formation is detected within Sα and might be promoted by the short distance from the promoter.
► Time-course analysis results strongly support that R-loops are an intermediate of CSR.
► The theory that R-loops are a general feature of mammalian stimulated switch regions is supported by the identification of R-loops at Sα.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Molecular Immunology - Volume 54, Issue 2, June 2013, Pages 208–216
نویسندگان
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