A novel alternatively spliced interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein mIL-1RAcP687

The 570-amino acid membrane form of IL-1RAcP (mIL-1RAcP) plays a pivotal role in the IL-1 signal transduction and response. We have identified another membrane form of IL-1RAcP with 687 amino acids (named as mIL-1RAcP687 hereon). Its except the last amino acid N-terminal 448 amino acid portion, containing three extracellular immunoglobulin domains, one transmembrane domain, and Box 1 and Box 2 of Toll/IL1 Receptor (TIR) domain, is identical to that of mIL-1RAcP. In contrast, the C-terminal 239 amino acid portion of mIL-1RAcP687, containing Box 3 of TIR domain, is unique. The mIL-1RAcP687 splice variant is derived from the first 11 exons except 9b, and a newly identified exon 13 of IL-1RAcP gene, while mIL-1RAcP is derived from the first 12 exons except 9b. Furthermore, mIL-1RAcP687 can associate with proteins involved in the upstream IL-1 signaling pathway such as IL-1RI, Tollip, and MyD88. It thus activates downstream signaling events to activate transcription factor NF-κB, and induce the expression of IL-1 responsive genes such as TNF-α and GM-CSF. These results demonstrate that like mIL-1RAcP, mIL-1RAcP687 functions in the IL-1 signal transduction and response. Identification of mIL-1RAcP687 adds further complexity to the regulation of IL-1 signaling and its subsequent response.