A mapping relationship based near-field acoustic holography with spherical fundamental solutions for Helmholtz equation

In the procedure of the near-field acoustic holography (NAH) based on the fundamental solutions for Helmholtz equation (FS), the number of FS and the measurement setup to obtain their coefficients are two crucial issues to the successful reconstruction. The current work is motivated to develop a framework for the NAH which supplies a guideline to the determination of the number of FS as well as an optimized measurement setup. A mapping relationship between modes on surfaces of boundary and hologram is analytically derived by adopting the modes as FS in spherical coordinates. Thus, reconstruction is converted to obtain the coefficients of participant modes on holograms. In addition, an integral identity is firstly to be derived for the modes on convex surfaces, which is useful in determining the inefficient or evanescent modes for acoustic radiation in free space. To determine the number of FS adopted in the mapping relationship based NAH (MRS-based NAH), two approaches are proposed to supply reasonable estimations with criteria of point-wise pressure and energy, respectively. A technique to approximate a specific degree of mode on patches by a set of locally orthogonal patterns is explored for three widely used holograms, such as planar, cylindrical and spherical holograms, which results in an automatic determinations of the number and position of experimental setup for a given tolerance. Numerical examples are set up to validate the theory and techniques in the MRS-based NAH. Reconstructions of a cubic model demonstrate the potential of the proposed method for regular models even with corners and shapers. Worse results for the elongated cylinder with two spherical caps reveal the deficiency of the MRS-based NAH for irregular models which is largely due to the adopted modes are FS in spherical coordinates. The NAH framework pursued in the current work provides a new insight to the reconstruction procedure based on the FS in spherical coordinates.