Hybrid Technique for Repair of Recurrent Pectus Excavatum After Failed Open Repair

Most recurrent PE may be repaired with excellent results and minimal complications. Those with adequate chest pliability and no malunion are candidates for MIPRE alone. A hybrid procedure with thoracoscopic support bars combined with sternal elevation, multiple open osteotomies, and chest wall fixation is appropriate for recurrences associated with malunion or fixation of the anterior chest and failure to lift with MIRPE.