Interactive Effects of Homocysteine and Copper on Angiogenesis in Porcine Isolated Saphenous Vein

These data indicate that the increase in plasma homocysteine and copper may exert a deleterious effect on graft patency by preventing the formation of a neovasa vasorum, thereby promoting hypoxia. This effect is mediated by a mechanism independent of superoxide which actually promotes angiogenesis in this model.