Pulmonary Embolism Caused by a Thrombosed External Iliac Venous Aneurysm

Venous aneurysms (VAs) of the iliac axis are uncommon abnormalities of the vascular system that present as potentially life-threatening events. These aneurysms are occasionally associated with embolism or rupture; therefore, a focused imaging evaluation and prophylactic treatment are important. In this article, we report a thrombosed external iliac venous aneurysm (VA) that led to pulmonary embolism in a 14-year-old girl. The patient was diagnosed using computer tomography pulmonary angiography and computer tomography iliac venography. This case represents the first patient known to have an external iliac VA that progressed to pulmonary embolism.