Symptomatic Fibromuscular Dysplasia of the External Iliac Artery

The aim of this article is to report a case of symptomatic fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) involving the external iliac arteries (EIAs). An 88-year-old woman was admitted to the vascular service, with a painful right posterior ankle ulcer that had progressively worsened during the course of a month. Her medical history included diabetes and hypertension. Bilateral lower-extremity pulses were absent, and femoral and tibial Doppler waveforms were monophasic. Pelvic and bilateral lower-extremity angiograms were obtained, which revealed findings in both EIAs consistent with a diagnosis of extrarenal FMD. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty with subsequent stenting of the right EIA was performed, using a self-expanding stent. Completion digital subtraction angiography demonstrated a widely patent right EIA with brisk flow of contrast across the stent. Postprocedural arterial duplex scan showed a biphasic waveform pattern in the common femoral artery. FMD can involve the EIA and be associated with critical limb ischemia. FMD of the EIA responds well to endovascular management.