A Short Incision for Carotid Endarterectomy Results in Decreased Morbidity

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of a short incision (<5 cm) on the complication rate of the carotid endarterectomy (CEA).DesignA retrospective cohort study.Patients and methodsFrom January 1994 to December 2005, 874 patients underwent 1048 primary carotid endarterectomy (CEA) procedures. Seven hundred and sixty nine operations were performed through a long neck incision (group A), while 279 were performed through a smaller incision (<5 cm) according to a standard protocol (group B). Preoperative and postoperative cranial nerve assessment was completed on all patients. The main outcome measures were stroke, death, cranial and cervical nerve injuries rates.ResultsThe 30-day mortality rate was 0.26% in group A and 0.35% in group B (p = .792). The stroke rate was 0.13% and 0% in group A and B respectively (p = .839). The mean length of stay was 2.59 days in group A and 1.67 days in group B (p < .0001). In group A the overall incidence of motor and sensory nerve deficits was 13.5% (104 CEA, 92 patients) but in group B 2.9% (8 CEA, 7 patients, p < .0001, odds ratio [OR] 0.189, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.091–0.393).ConclusionsCarotid endarterectomy through a small incision is a feasible and safe approach that provides cosmetic results and fewer nerve complications without compromising the safety of the procedure.