Regulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate release by selective β2-adrenergic receptor stimulation in human terminal failing myocardium before and after ventricular assist device support

VAD does not influence β2-AR coupling to AC stimulation. Elevated response to catecholamines after VAD support is influenced by β1-AR upregulation and modulation of AC activity. Restoration of β-adrenergic responsiveness was restricted to acutely failing hearts.