Prognostic Stratification of Women With Chronic Heart Failure Referred for Heart Transplantation: Relevance of Gender as Compared With Gender-related Characteristics

In advanced CHF, women patients seem to have a better prognosis irrespective of baseline characteristics, supporting the hypothesis that female gender is protective against myocardial injury. However, women with severe symptoms accompanied by either hypotension, severe left ventricular enlargement or MR are at high risk and deserve cautious follow-up and consideration for HT.