Carvedilol Inhibits Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-Induced Extracellular Matrix Synthesis by Inhibiting Cellular Reactive Oxygen Species and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation

These results suggest that carvedilol inhibits PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation and matrix protein synthesis by inhibiting cellular ROS and the subsequent activation of MAPK. Thus the targeted inhibition of cellular ROS and MAPK might provide an effective therapeutic strategy to treat chronic allograft vasculopathy.