Clinical & angiographic profile of young patients (<40 years) with acute coronary syndrome

BackgroundWe are aware of increasing prevalence of coronary artery disease in young patients and its potential implications on morbidity and mortality.AimThis study was done with the aim of evaluation of clinical and angiographic characteristics in young Indian patients (<40 years) with ACS.MethodThe methodology used was single centre cross-sectional study with retrospective analysis. 400 young patients (<40 years) with ACS were included in study. All patients underwent CAG within 72 h of admission. Risk factors, clinical features and angiographic profile were studied.ResultMales were predominant, anterior wall myocardial infarction was most common presentation. Recanalised infarct related artery, ST resolution >50% at 90 min, low TIMI frame count (less than 28), were seen in patients receiving early thrombolysis. Smoking was the most common and only risk factor in 34% patients. 43% patients had single vessel disease and only 5.5% patients had triple vessel disease. Evidence of heart failure was seen in 14.5% of patients at presentation. Family history of premature CAD was seen in 6% patients. Younger age, early presentation, thrombolysis within 12 h were associated with favourable outcome.ConclusionThe study concluded that significant number of young patients had recanalised vessel after thrombolysis. Significant number of patients can be managed with pharmacotherapy. Prevention of smoking, tobacco addiction, screening for hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia is vital and should begin from early period of life.