Diabetes increases apoptosis and necrosis in both ischemic and nonischemic human myocardium: Role of caspases and poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase

Diabetes increases both apoptosis and necrosis in human myocardium, both fresh and after being subjected to ischemia-reoxygenation, an effect that is mediated, at least in part, by caspase-3 and poly-adenosine diphosphate-ribose polymerase activation. These results may explain the increased cardiac-related morbidity and mortality associated with cardiac surgery in patients with diabetes.