Late cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal exercise performance after repair for total anomalous pulmonary venous connection during infancy

Exercise performance is mildly impaired at long-term follow-up after total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair during infancy. Residual pulmonary abnormalities are common and associated with lower exercise performance. Neurologic abnormalities are evident in a subgroup, but the impact on late exercise performance is inconclusive.