Paclitaxel coating of the luminal surface of hemodialysis grafts with effective suppression of neointimal hyperplasia

Paclitaxel-coated vascular grafts effectively inhibited the neointimal hyperplasia of hemodialysis grafts. However, paclitaxel on the outer surface of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts might prevent myofibroblast proliferation, which might cause hematomas, seromas, infections, or pseudoaneurysms in the space between the graft and surrounding tissue and result in incomplete hemodialysis needle insertion. Therefore, paclitaxel inner-coated expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts can reduce the coated amount of this potentially toxic drug to avoid such unwanted effects, whilst preserving its efficacy in inhibiting stenosis.