Multicenter phase I/II trial of the safety of allogeneic endothelial cell implants after the creation of arteriovenous access for hemodialysis use: The V-HEALTH study

Targeted local therapy with perivascular, allogeneic endothelial cells is a safe and novel therapeutic approach that may be ideally suited to control the response to injury at surgical anastomoses. Larger randomized trials are needed to determine if Vascugel can prolong AVG or AVF patency.