General study of the control principles and dynamic fault behaviour of variable-speed wind turbine and wind farm generic models

• Generic models for variable-speed wind turbines and wind farms are implemented.
• Generator/converter subsystem of the variable-speed generic model is proposed.
• Control principles for voltage source converters are based on the used machine.
• The aggregated wind farm model is compared against a generic variable-speed model.
• Different arrangements for the wind turbines within the wind farm are considered.

The interest towards generic models or sometimes also called standard models of wind turbine generators (WTGs) is significantly increasing. Mainly due to their improved power quality, better controllability and higher power extraction capability, variable-speed wind turbines driving a synchronous or an induction machine are capturing the global market. Throughout this paper, dynamic modelling and performance analysis of the generic models of the variable-speed WTGs, namely the doubly-fed induction generator and the fully-rated converter based WTGs, are achieved using integration between Matlab/Simulink and PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platforms. Later on, the performance of type-4 wind turbine driving a permanent magnet synchronous machine is analysed during fault and then compared with the case when driving a wound rotor induction machine. The differences in control principles and dynamic fault behaviour are highlighted. Afterwards, investigations on wind farm level are accomplished. A case study during which the developed generic models and the generic model of the variable-speed machine are compared is conducted. Different arrangements for the construction of the generic wind farm are considered.

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