Serum interleukin-1β in subjects with abdominal obesity and periodontitis

SummaryBackground & objectiveAbdominal obesity and periodontal diseases are believed to share close relation through commonality of chronic inflammation. Both inflammatory periodontal disease and excess abdominal fat modulate their systemic influences through several inflammatory mediators. The present study was carried out to evaluate and compare serum interleukin-1β levels in subjects with abdominal obesity and periodontal disease.MethodsSixty non-diabetic and non-smoking subjects (aged 25–49 years; 28 females and 32 males) were assessed for abdominal obesity by waist to hip ratio. Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were recorded for determination of periodontal status. Serum samples were obtained and interleukin-1β was assessed using commercially available ELISA kit. Obtained data were analyzed statistically.ResultsMeasures of abdominal obesity and periodontal disease were found to significantly influence the serum interleukin-1β. Abdominally obese subjects had significantly higher serum interleukin-1β in healthy (p = 0.006), gingivitis (p < 0.001) and periodontitis (p < 0.001) groups. There was a significant difference in serum interleukin-1β levels among subjects with different periodontal status in both non obese (F(2,27) = 18.17, p < 0.0001) and obese groups (F(2,27) = 15.70, p < 0.0001). Serum interleukin-1β was significantly correlated with PI, GI, BOP%, PD and CAL non obese and obese groups. A significant correlation was also seen with WC, HC and WHR only in obese group.ConclusionSignificant changes in serum interleukin-1β are influenced by abdominal obesity and periodontal status independently even in the absence of diabetes mellitus and smoking. Serum interleukin-1β was significantly higher in patients with abdominal obesity and periodontitis.