کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
302492 | 512540 | 2008 | 11 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Conditions and costs for renewables electricity grid connection: Examples in Europe Conditions and costs for renewables electricity grid connection: Examples in Europe](/preview/png/302492.png)
This paper compares conditions and costs for RES-E grid connection in selected European countries. These are Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Austria, Lithuania and Slovenia. Country specific case studies are presented for wind onshore and offshore, biomass and photovoltaic power systems, as based on literature reviews and stakeholder interviews. It is shown that, especially for wind offshore, the allocation of grid connection costs can form a significant barrier for the installation of new RES-E generation if the developer has to bear all such costs. If energy policy makers want to reduce the barriers for new large-scale RES-E deployment, then it is concluded that the grid connection costs should be covered by the respective grid operator. These costs may then be recouped by increasing consumer tariffs for the use of the grid.
Journal: Renewable Energy - Volume 33, Issue 8, August 2008, Pages 1832–1842