Infantile spasms and 15q11.2q13.1 chromosome duplication in two successive generations

• Infantile spasms may occur in successive generations within a family.
• This is the first report of the chromosomal duplication 15q11.2q13.1 in such circumstances.
• Array CGH should be performed in all cases with no identified aetiology.
• We believe that this report expands the phenotype of the chromosome 15q11q13 duplication syndrome.

Familial cases of West syndrome have been reported only in Japan. In that study no chromosomal analyses were made. It has been suggested that microarray analysis should be included in the diagnostic evaluation of patients with infantile spasms and developmental delay, when an evaluation for structural brain lesions and metabolic disorders reveal no abnormal findings.We report here the first case of infantile spasms and 15q11.2q13.1 chromosome duplication in two successive generations. The daughter and mother with infantile spasms, and the autistic son had the duplication. The clinical course of infantile spasms was very similar in the mother and daughter. The spasms were primarily considered to be of unknown aetiology.Chromosomal microarray analysis revealed a 6.2 Mb size 15q11.2q13.1 duplication.The duplication belongs to the 15q11q13 duplication syndrome (OMIM 608636) which when maternally derived is characterised by neuro-behavioural disorders like autism, hypotonia, cognitive deficit, language delay and epilepsy.The proportion of patients with unknown aetiology for infantile spasms will decrease when more careful chromosomal studies are made. Our report expands the phenotype of chromosome 15q duplication syndrome and is the first report of this abnormality in two successive generations of infantile spasms.