Patient and treatment factors associated with survival among adult glioblastoma patients: A USA population-based study from 2000–2010

• Our data confirms the survival advantage imparted by marriage in GBM patients.
• Asians/Hispanics have a significantly lower mortality risk than non-Hispanic whites.
• Patients in the Northeast have better survival outcomes than in other regions.
• Patients with supratentorial tumors under 3 cm have better OS than other subgroups.
• Our data reinforces the positive role of maximal resection in the treatment of GBMs.

In this study, we utilized the USA surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database to examine factors influencing survival of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients. GBM is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and despite advances in treatment, prognosis remains poor. Using the SEER database, we defined a cohort of adult patients for the years 2000–2009 with confirmed GBM and minimum follow-up of 12 months. A total of 14,675 patients with GBM met the inclusion criteria. Demographic, clinical, and treatment variables were examined. Death was the primary outcome. Median survival time was 11 months. Patients had increasingly longer survival over the decade span. We found, on multivariate analysis, that significantly worse survival was associated with age >75 years, male sex, unmarried status, and non-Hispanic Caucasian race/ethnicity. Patients in the Northeast had a significantly lower risk of mortality. Patients with tumors that were non-lateralized and >3 cm fared worse. Patients who did not receive adjuvant radiation also had worse outcomes. Gross total resection imparted a survival advantage for patients compared to biopsy or partial resection. Thus, this report adds to the growing body of literature supporting the positive role of maximal resection on patient survival.