Long-term results of bilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis using an intraoral tooth-borne device in adult Class II patients

The aim of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term skeletal and dental changes after mandibular osteodistraction with tooth-borne appliances in adult orthodontic patients. The sample consisted of 10 non-growing Caucasian patients with a Class II skeletal relationship due to mandibular deficiency, together with Class II dental malocclusion. All patients underwent mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) using the ROD1 tooth-borne device. Lateral cephalograms were evaluated at four time intervals: pretreatment (T1), after mandibular distraction (T2), after orthodontic fixed appliance therapy (T3), and at long-term observation 8-year post-distraction (T4). Statistical analyses compared the skeletal and dental changes in intervals T1–T2, T2–T3, T3–T4, T1–T4, and T2–T4. MDO with the ROD1 tooth-borne device produced significant long-term (T1–T4) increases in the SNB angle (2.3°), total mandibular length (5.9 mm), and corpus length (4.5 mm). Potential adverse sequelae included significant increases in mandibular plane angle (4.3°), lower anterior dental height (2.8 mm), and lower posterior dental height (2.5 mm). Significant increases in lower incisor proclination occurred during distraction (7.5°). Distraction osteogenesis with tooth-borne appliances offers a minimally invasive surgical method with stable results for correcting mandibular deficiency in non-growing patients.