Immediate, non-submerged, root-analogue zirconia implants placed into single-rooted extraction sockets: 2-year follow-up of a clinical study

This study evaluated non-submerged, root-analogue zirconia implants with two different surfaces for immediate single-rooted tooth replacement in 18 patients. After tooth extraction the root was laser scanned and one-piece root analogue zirconia dental implants with one of two different surfaces were manufactured. In group A (n = 6) the implant surface was roughened by sandblasting only, in group B (n = 12) additional macroretentions limited to the interdental space, to avoid fracture of the thin buccal cortex, were designed prior to laser scanning. Implants were placed in the socket 1–8 days after extraction by tapping and restored with a composite crown 3–5 months later. Implant survival, level of marginal bone and adverse soft tissue changes were recorded. No complications occurred during the healing period. In group A, all implants were lost within 2 months, with an unaltered extraction socket. In group B, overall survival rate was 92% for implants that were functional for 1–33 months. Excellent aesthetic and functional results were achieved with the composite crown with minimal bone resorption and soft tissue recession. Significant modifications, such as macroretentions seem to indicate that primary stability and excellent osseointegration of immediate root-analogue zirconia implants can be achieved, while preventing unaesthetic bone resorption.