Comparative Analysis of Endodontic Pathfinders

Because no scientific literature exists regarding endodontic pathfinders, the aim of this study was to compare such instruments. Ten different pathfinder-type files were analyzed with respect to dimensional characteristics, pitch, and rigidity; efficiency, wear, and distortion were assessed by using an in vitro simulation exercise. SEM cross-sections and tip images were obtained and analyzed. To assess efficacy and distortion, 10 operators attempted to achieve patency with the files in small, S-shaped canals in acrylic blocks. Trends in canal negotiation efficiency and file distortion were recorded. Results showed that the Hi-5 (Miltex, York, PA) and C+ files (Dentsply/Maillefer, Johnson City, TN) were the least flexible, whereas the Pathfinder CS (SybronEndo, Glendora, CA) and Pathfinder SS (SybronEndo) files were the most. Pathfinder SS, S finder (JSDental/Sendoline, Ridgefield, CT), and D finder (Mani, Tochigi-ken, Japan) were the most efficient during the simulation exercise. Within the parameters of this study, pitch, taper, cross-section, heat tempering, metal type, tip geometry, and operator skills all influenced pathfinder efficiency.