Histologic Assessment of Human Pulp Response to Capping with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and a Novel Endodontic Cement

IntroductionThis study was conducted to compare human pulp response to mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and a novel endodontic cement (NEC) when used as pulp capping materials after a time period of 2 and 8 weeks.MethodsThirty-two premolar teeth that were scheduled for extraction for orthodontic reasons were exposed and capped with either MTA or NEC. Half of the specimens underwent extraction and histologic analysis after 2 weeks, and the remaining half were assessed after 8 weeks. Each slide was graded histologically according to the morphology of the dentinal bridge, thickness of the dentinal bridge, presence of odontoblast cells, and inflammation of the pulp.ResultsBoth MTA and NEC showed significantly better pulp response after 8 weeks compared with 2 weeks, with a thicker and more tubular pattern of the dentinal bridge, less pulp inflammation, and a palisade pattern of odontoblast cells. Although MTA and NEC groups had no significant difference in each measure in both time intervals, NEC induced a thicker dentinal bridge with less pulp inflammation at both 2 weeks and 8 weeks, compared with MTA.ConclusionsMTA and NEC showed similar biocompatibility and favorable response in pulp capping treatment and inducing the formation of the dentinal bridge.