CD44 Presence in Inflamed Pulp Tissue

Inflammation of pulp tissue appears as a consequence of caries progression. Its main characteristic is inflamed infiltrate whose cells contain lymphocytes. CD44 is a widely expressed adhesion molecule present in several body cells such as leukocytes and parenchymatous cells, including endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and unstriated muscle cells. It interacts with hyaluronic acid, collagen, laminin, and fibronectin, and there are data that indicate an important role in the migration of leukocytes from the bloodstream toward inflammation areas. This project, which applied the immunologic assay method of agglutination inhibition of the CD44-hyaluronate system, evaluated the presence of CD44 in inflamed pulp tissue in both asymptomatic and symptomatic processes, as well as in healthy pulp tissue. The results demonstrated significant differences between both groups of pulp inflammatory processes with strong presence of the receptor. Moreover, healthy pulp had low to nondetectable levels of CD44. These results suggest that the expression of the CD44 molecule is higher during the initiation or maintenance of inflammatory processes.