Human papillomavirus–associated diseases

The human papillomavirus (HPV) may be associated with various oral, genital, and cutaneous conditions, both benign and malignant. The association between sexually transmitted α-HPV types is the strongest with cervical cancer because almost all such malignancies contain viral DNA, notably HPV types 16 and 18. The contribution of cancer causing HPV types in other anogenital, oral, and oropharyngeal malignancies, plus benign disorders, is lower and with a less significant public health concern. Cervical cytologic screening is a well-established preventive measure that allows early detection and successful treatment of precancerous cervical lesions. In cases of all other HPV-associated disorders, early detection of a precancerous lesion is either difficult or almost impossible. HPV vaccination remains the only preventive measure against most HPV-related diseases.