External laryngeal manipulation does not improve the intubation success rate by novice intubators in a manikin study

BackgroundExternal laryngeal manipulation (ELM) is a technique used in cases of poor glottic view in direct laryngoscopy. Studies investigating ELM in the pediatric population are lacking. The objective of this study was to examine if use of ELM by inexperienced intubators improves the success rate of pediatric intubation.MethodsWe conducted a randomized, controlled, manikin study comparing intubation using ELM (study subjects) with standard intubation (controls). Study participants were paramedic students. Each participant performed 1 intubation attempt on 3 different pediatric airway manikins, independently. If an optimal Cormack-Lehane glottic view (CLGV) of more than 2 has been obtained, study subjects were previously instructed to perform the intubation using ELM; controls were instructed to continue with standard intubation. Outcome measures were single-attempt intubation success rate, preintubation CLGV, and duration of intubation.ResultsThe study group included 13 subjects who performed 39 intubations. In 19 intubations, CLGV of more than 2 had been obtained; and ELM was used. The control group included 14 subjects who performed 42 intubations. In 20 intubations, CLGV of more than 2 was obtained. Median CLGV score improved from 3.5 before ELM to 2 when ELM was used. However, no difference was found between the groups in intubation success rate (10/19 vs 14/20, P = .43); and the duration of intubation was significantly shorter in controls (25.8 vs 37.8 seconds, P < .007).ConclusionsIn this pediatric manikin study, ELM performed by novice intubators improved laryngeal view, but lengthened the duration of intubation and did not improve intubation success rate.