Non-operative management of osteoarthritis of the knee joint

Osteoarthritis is a chronic disorder of synovial joints in which there is progressive softening and disintegration of articular cartilage accompanied by the growth of osteophytes. Treatment designed for osteoarthritis should aim at reducing pain, improve joint mobility, and limit functional impairment. It can be achieved by pharmacological and non-pharmacological means. Non-operative treatment of OA is useful for patients with KL grade 1–3, which are early stages of OA. However, in an advanced stage of OA (KL grade 4), surgical treatment is needed as definitive treatment.