The contribution of the SPINK1 c.194 + 2T > C mutation to the clinical course of idiopathic chronic pancreatitis in Chinese patients

BackgroundRecent data suggest that the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) gene mutation is associated with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis. However, few studies have focused on the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 c.194 + 2T > C mutation. Therefore, our goal was to study the prevalence and impact of serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 mutations on the clinical profile of idiopathic chronic pancreatitis patients in China.MethodsA retrospective-cohort study of 118 Chinese patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis was performed, and genetic tests were carried out to detect SPINK1 mutations. Subjects without pancreatitis were used as controls. In total, 118 idiopathic chronic pancreatitis patients and 100 control subjects were evaluated.ResultsThe serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 c.194 + 2T > C variant was present in 44.9% of patients with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis. The frequency of diabetes in idiopathic chronic pancreatitis patients with the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 c.194 + 2T > C mutation (39.6%) was higher than that of patients without the mutation (9.2%). The time to occurrence of diabetes mellitus after idiopathic chronic pancreatitis symptom onset is significantly influenced by the c.194 + 2T > C mutation (p < 0.001). In addition, the mean age of diabetes onset in patients with the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 c.194 + 2T > C mutation (38.33 ± 9.50) was significantly younger than that of patients without this mutation (49.67 ± 6.74).ConclusionsThe presence of the serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 c.194 + 2T > C mutation seems to be associated with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis and could predispose individuals to pancreatic diabetes onset at an earlier age.