Le diabète gestationnel dans la commune de Constantine, Algérie : étude prospective

Of 432 pregnant women screened according to WHO criteria, 6.3% [95% CI: 4.2 to 9.1] had a gestational diabetes (GDM). Referring to criteria developed by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) the GDM frequency reaches 14.6%. All screened GDM had risk factors. All of them are older than 25 years (mean age: 35.6±4.6 years) and multiparous and among them 81.5 % had a BMI >25 kg/m2. Their family and obstetric history are quite rich compared to non-diabetic pregnant women. Macrosomia was found in 22.2 % of GDM. The only two independent risk factors for macrosomia found in our diabetic population are fasting hyperglycemia and overweight. OGTT performed at 12 weeks postpartum in GDM revealed that 18.5% had abnormal glucose tolerance. In light of these results, targeted screening is required by economic necessity. During pregnancy the presence of risk factors such as encountered in our population: age >30 years, multiparity, BMI >27 kg/m2, 1st degree family diabetes history, obstetric personal history of GDM or macrosomia, hypertension or obesity should prompt a targeted and early detection of gestational diabetes.