Enquête sur la prévalence des facteurs de risque de maladies cardiovasculaires à Tlemcen (Algérie)

This prospective survey conducted in 2008 at Tlemcen, a semi-rural area in the North West of Algeria, included 1088 subjects (F: 612; M: 476), randomly selected, aged ≥ 25 years (mean age: 42,6 years). Cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) were analyzed and absolute cardiovascular risk score quantified according to Framingham and ESH-ESC models. CVRF prevalence is high (sedentary behaviour: 42.6%; actual tobacco consumption: 17.2%; overweight, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²: 32.0%; obesity, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 19.1%; abdominal obesity, 19.1% according to NCEP-ATP III and 42.2% according to IDF; arterial hypertension: 36.2%; diabetes: 6.8%, corresponding to 0.4% type 1 and 6.4% type 2; dyslipidemia: 15.9%, corresponding to 14.3% hypercholesterolemia and 2.8% hypertriglyceridemia; metabolic syndrome: 17.4% according to NCEP-ATP III and 25.7% according to IDF. Individual mean is 1,3 CVRF, thus indicating that 35.2% Tlemcen's inhabitants, aged ≥ 25 years, present with one CVRF, 23.0% with two CVRF and 15.8% with three or more CVRF. Data are presented and discussed according to gender and age range. Prevalence of unrecognized CVRF is particularly high, a worrying finding when all projections predict their dramatic increase in the coming years, due to traditionnal habit changes towards an occidentalized way of life and population ageing.