Syndrome hyperglycémique hyperosmolaire de diagnostic précoce : présentation et pronostic d'une série observée en Côte-d'Ivoire

This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, biochemical, therapeutic, and evolutive features of a series of 53 diabetic patients from 896 admitted for uncontrolled diabetes at the University Hospital of Abidjan (Ivory Coast). Patients' mean age was 55.4 ± 12.7 years with a strong male predominance (sex ratio: 1.5). With only 17.0% of dehydration and 5.7% of desorientated patients, clinical presentation was rather mild. Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome was the initial presentation of diabetes in 28% of cases. In the remaining cases, uncontrolled hyperglycemia could be explained by infections and non compliance to diet and diabetes therapy. At admission, mean capillary glucose level was 545 ± 30 mg/dl and mean plasma osmolarity 322.5 ± 21.7 mOsm/L. Under intensive insulin therapy, we were able to achieve a favourable evolution in 98% of cases.