Endoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of metallic stents in high-grade malignant hilar biliary stricture (with videos)

BackgroundIn view of the recent advancement in endoscopic devices for biliary endoscopic intervention, the expert endoscopist can address complex morbidity. However, endoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of metallic stents (MS) in patients with malignant hilar biliary stricture is technically demanding.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of MS.DesignCase study.SettingGastroenterological Center, Okayama University Hospital.PatientsNine consecutive patients (mean age 63 years, range 52-84 years, mean follow-up period 5 months) with malignant hilar biliary stricture were enrolled. They had cytologically or histologically proven unresectable biliary-tract carcinoma with hilar biliary stricture type IIIa or IV according to Bismuth's classification.InterventionsEndoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of MS in hilar biliary strictures by using a JOSTENT SelfX stent.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe success rate of the procedure, stent patency time, reinterventions, and complications.ResultsEndoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment was successfully accomplished in all cases. The MS became obstructed in 3 cases (33%), mean 1.5 months, range 1.4 to 2.7 months. However, no MS obstruction occurred in the other 6 patients (67%), mean 11 months, range 4.7 to 16.4 months. In the obstructed cases, the deployment of 2 or 3 tube stents was completed successfully. One case of cholecystitis was observed as a short-term complication.LimitationThe small number of cases.ConclusionsEndoscopic 3-branched partial stent-in-stent deployment of a JOSTENT SelfX stent was effective in selected patients with high-grade malignant hilar biliary stricture.